The modern street layout dates from the early 18th century and owes its form to James Hamilton (later 1st Earl of Clanbrassil). The town came to be nicknamed the "Gap of the North" where the northernmost point of the province of Leinster meets the province of Ulster. Having been inhabited since the Neolithic period, Dundalk was established as a Norman stronghold in the 12th century following the Norman invasion of Ireland, and became the northernmost outpost of The Pale in the Late Middle Ages. It is the eighth largest urban area in Ireland, with a population of 39,004 as of the 2016 census. It is near the border with Northern Ireland, halfway between Dublin and Belfast. The town is on the Castletown River, which flows into Dundalk Bay on the east coast of Ireland. Dundalk ( / d ʌ n ˈ d ɔː( l) k/ dun- DAW(L)K Irish: Dún Dealgan, meaning "the fort of Dealgan", a Fir Bolg Chieftain) is the county town (the administrative centre) of County Louth, Ireland.
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